Un estudio amplio de los macrófitos realizado en septiembre de 2008 registró más especies que el estudio realizado entre 1995 y 1998. Las formas de vida "emergentes" tienen el mayor número de especies, seguido por las formas de vida "con raíces sumergidas". Un total de 87 táxones de macrófitas fueron identificados. A las especies de macrófitas individuales se les asignó una forma de vida y se identificaron especies representativas de cada una. También se recolectaron plantas sumergidas mediante un barrido con la embarcación, moviéndose a velocidad constante durante diez minutos. Se tomaron muestras de las especies de macrófitos en cada una de las 235 estaciones de muestreo utilizando una embarcación, que fue colocada en tres lugares por punto para registrar las especies de macrófitos y buscar plantas pequeñas. Se utilizó un análisis de ordenamiento para determinar si hay diferencias en la composición de asociaciones de especies entre los brazos del embalse. Se presenta un estudio florístico de las macrófitas acuáticas a lo largo del margen brasileño del embalse Itaipú en 2008 y se compara con un estudio florístico realizado diez años atrás. Estos métodos se pueden utilizar para detectar los impactos antropogénicos y reconocer las extinciones locales o globales de las especies. Key words: floristic survey, aquatic plants, life forms, Brazil.Įn las últimas tres décadas, las evaluaciones ecológicas rápidas se han convertido en un método importante para medir la biodiversidad de los ecosistemas acuáticos. This would allow management strategies to be developed to protect native aquatic biota and prevent interference with the recreational and commercial uses of the Itaipu Reservoir. Future surveys should be conducted to determine the habitat most frequently colonized by these species. Two of these non-native species ( Urochloa subquadripara and Hydrilla verticillata) are of special concern because they have a high frequency of occurrence and occupy large marginal areas of the reservoir. Assemblage composition varied among the arms and was affected by underwater radiation (as measured using a Secchi disk) and fetch. Additionally, differences in the classification systems and taxonomic resolution used in the surveys may account for differences in the number of species recorded. This could be due to changes in water physico-chemistry, disturbances due to water drawdown and the long period between surveys, which may have allowed natural colonization by other species. The extensive survey of macrophytes undertaken in September 2008 recorded more species than a survey conducted between 19. The "emergent" life forms contained the highest number of species, followed by "rooted submerged" life forms. A total of 87 macrophyte taxa were identified. We assigned individual macrophyte species to life form and identified representative species for each life form. We also collected submerged plants using a rake with the boat moving at constant velocity for ten minutes. Macrophyte species were sampled in each of the 235 sampling stations using a boat, which was positioned inside three places of each macrophyte stand to record species and search for small plants. We used ordination analysis to determine whether assemblage composition differed among reservoir arms. We present a floristic survey of the aquatic macrophytes along the Brazilian margin of the Itaipu Reservoir conducted in 2008 and compare this with a floristic survey conducted ten years earlier. These methods can be used to detect anthropogenic impacts and recognize local or global species extinctions. In the last three decades, rapid assessment surveys have become an important approach for measuring aquatic ecosystem biodiversity. Colombo 5790, bloco H-90, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil corresponding author Colombo 5790, bloco H-90, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil Biological Science Department/Nupélia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Av. Student, Postgraduate Program in Compared Biology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Av. Student, Postgraduate Program in Ecology of Continental Aquatic Environments, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Av Colombo 5790, bloco H-90, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil Masters Student, Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Evolution, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus II, Laboratory of Theoretical Ecology, CEP 74001-970, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil Ph.D. Roger Paulo Mormul 1, Fernando Alves Ferreira 1, Thaisa Sala Michelan 2, Priscilla Carvalho 1, Marcio José Silveira 3 & Sidinei Magela Thomaz 4ġ. Aquatic macrophytes in the large, sub-tropical Itaipu Reservoir, Brazil
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